Maimonides, a 12th-century Jewish scholar, outlined eight levels of giving (tzedakah):
8. Making a person self reliant
7. Giving anonymously to an unknown recipient via a trustworthy person or public fund
6. Giving anonymously to a known recipient
5. Giving publicly to an unknown recipient.
4. Giving before being asked
3. Giving adequately after being asked
2. Giving willingly, but inadequately
1. Giving with sad feelings or ‘out of pity’
While Maimonides’ framework offers a valuable perspective, it’s important to understand the unique Biblical perspective on giving, emphasizing the importance of generosity, love, and stewardship.
The foundational principle is that ‘God owns everything’. Psalm 24:1 declares, “The earth is the Lord’s, and everything in it, the world, and all who live in it.” This truth underscores that all we have is a gift from God. Therefore, giving is not merely a charitable act; it’s an act of worship, recognizing God as the ultimate source of all blessings.
Five Key Biblical Principles of Giving
- Giving as an Expression of Love: When we give, we demonstrate our love for God through our God’s given neighbor and His Creation. Matthew 6:19-21 encourages us to store up treasures in heaven, suggesting that our giving should be motivated by heavenly rewards.
- Giving as an Act of Faith: James 2:15-17 connects faith and works, emphasizing that true faith is evidenced by actions, including giving.
- The Law of Sowing and Reaping: Luke 6:38 promises that we will reap what we sow. This principle, however, should not be misconstrued as a formula for material gain. Rather, it highlights the spiritual benefits of generous giving.
- The Importance of Secret Giving: Matthew 6:1-4 encourages us to give in secret, avoiding ostentatious displays of generosity.
- Giving as a Willing Sacrifice: 2 Corinthians 8-9 emphasizes the importance of cheerful giving. Giving should be a joyful act, not a begrudging obligation.
The biblical perspective on giving is rooted in love, gratitude, and stewardship. While Maimonides’ 8 levels offer a valuable framework, it’s essential to ground our understanding of giving in the teachings of Scripture.
Which level of giving are you currently at?
To truly attain the highest level of individual transformation, we must strive to give generously, cheerfully, and with a heart full of love. By practicing gratitude, empathy, and compassion, we can move towards a higher level of giving. Seek opportunities to empower others, whether through financial support, volunteer work, or mentorship. Remember, the ultimate goal is not just to give, but to give with a heart that reflects the love of God.
– Salathiel Nalli